Swallowing Difficulties (Dysphagia)
There are many causes of a swallowing difficulty; however, they are most frequently seen in the elderly, people who have progressive neurological diseases such as ALS, Parkinson’s disease or dementia, someone who has been diagnosed with oral, throat or esophageal cancer, and those who have had a stroke. They may also occur in those diagnosed with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and similar disorders.
The obvious signs of a swallowing difficulty include coughing, throat clearing, a sensation of something stuck in the throat or chest and a wet or gurgling voice after you eat or drink or shortly thereafter. However, less obvious signs include weight loss and refusal to eat, among others. These are all red flags that food and/or fluids are not going down the 'right way' or that a problem exists in the swallowing process. The risks associated with swallowing difficulties are significant as it can lead to aspiration pneumonia which may make people very ill, and at times can lead to death. It is therefore very important to speak to your doctor about any swallowing issues you or your family member may be having.
The muscles, nerves and oral structures (lips, tongue, teeth) involved in swallowing are also utilized for speech. Speech-language pathologists complete swallowing assessments as they are extensively trained in the anatomy and function of the speech and swallowing structures.
The Speech Clinic's SLPs will complete a thorough assessment to determine the safest foods and drinks for you as well as suggest strategies and exercises to help you swallow more safely. Our SLPs may also recommend a video swallowing study where an X-ray is taken of your swallow if further information on the swallowing mechanism and sequence is required.